PARTS OF SPEECH

Words are divided into different kinds or classes, called Parts of Speech, according to
their use; that is, according to the work they do in a sentence. The parts of speech are
eight in number:
1. Noun.
2. Adjective.
3. Pronoun.
4. Verb.
5. Adverb.
6. Preposition.
7. Conjunction.
8. Interjection.

 

  • A Noun is a word used as the name of a person, place, or thing; Akbar was a great
    King.
    Kolkata is on the Hooghly.
    The rose smells sweet.
    The sun shines bright.
    His courage won him honor.

 

  • An Adjective is a word used to add something to the meaning of a noun; as,
    He is a brave boy.
    There are twenty boys in this class.
    11. A Pronoun is a word used instead of a noun; as,
    John is absent because he is ill.
    The books are where you left them.

 

  • A Pronoun is a word used instead of a noun; such as,
    John is absent because he is ill.
    The books are where you left them

 

  • A Verb is a word used to express an action or state; as
    The girl wrote a letter to her cousin.
    Kolkata is a big city.
    Iron and copper are useful metals.

 

  • An Adverb is a word used to add something to the meaning of a verb, an adjective, or
    another adverb; as,
    He worked the sum quickly.
    This flower is very beautiful.
    She pronounced the word quite correctly.

 

  • A Preposition is a word used with a noun or a pronoun to show how the person or
    thing denoted by the noun or pronoun stands about something else; as,
    There is a cow in the garden.
    The girl is fond of music.
    A fair little girl sat under a tree.

 

  •  A Conjunction is a word used to join words or sentences; such as,
    Rama and Hari are cousins.
    Two and two make four.
    I ran fast but missed the train.

 

  •  An Interjection is a word that expresses some sudden feeling; such as,
    Hurrah! We have won the game. Alas! She is dead.

 

Some modern grammars include determiners among the parts of speech. Determiners are words like a, an, the, this, that, these, those, every, each, some, any, my, his, one, two, etc., which determine or limit the meaning of the nouns that follow. In this book, as in many traditional grammars, all determiners except a, and an, and are classed among
adjectives.

 

As words are divided into different classes according to the work they do in
sentences, it is clear that we cannot say to which part of speech a word belongs unless we see it used in a sentence.
They arrived soon after. (Adverb)
They arrived after us. (Preposition)
They arrived after we had left. (Conjunction)

From the above examples, we see that the same word can be used in different parts of speech.